The role of the appraiser vs. the authenticator

Art appraisers often get asked to authenticate works of art from the general public. An understandable request, since the value of a work of art is undoubtedly tied to its authenticity. If authenticity is in doubt so is its value. 

However, most appraisers are not authenticators. Both roles require different training and responsibilities. Appraisers customarily work under the assumption that the works of art they are appraising are authentic — or have been authenticated. Oftentimes appraisers will ask to see a Certificate of Authenticity when appraising high value works of art.

A professional appraiser should perform due diligence and research on the works they are appraising, as such they may raise a flag or doubt a work's authenticity if it appears questionable. But an appraiser’s time is predominantly dedicated to appraising works of art, not determining authenticity. Appraisers are experts in the art market and appraising methodology — ascribing the correct values to the appropriate situation and type of appraisal required.  The authentication of fine art is mainly conducted by authenticators. Art professionals specifically devoted to the assiduous art of authentication. They are typically trained scholars or experts devoted to a single artist’s body of work or a very specific art movement. Oftentimes they are relatives of the deceased artists or work with the artists’ estates. Some of the more famous artists have foundations devoted solely to the authentication of works by that artist.

Working with a professional fine art appraiser who is an expert in the field will advise their clients when it is necessary to work with an authenticator and can make the appropriate recommendations if necessary. Appraisers and art advisors can also work as intermediaries on behalf of their clients during the authentication process.